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ABSTRACT Background: At present, the etiology and pathogenesis of Moyamoya disease (MMD) are not completely clear. Patients are usually diagnosed after cerebrovascular events. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to explore the predictive factors of MMD. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the serum level of CoQ10B, the amount of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and mitochondrial function of EPCs in MMD patients. Methods: Forty-one MMD patients and 20 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Patients with MMD were divided into two groups: Ischemic type (n=23) and hemorrhagic type (n=18). Blood samples were collected from the antecubital vein and analyzed by CoQ10B ELISA and flow cytometry. Measures of mitochondrial function of EPCs include oxygen consumption rate (OCR), mitochondrial membrane potential, Ca2+ concentration, adenosine triphosphatases activity and ROS level. Results: The serum CoQ10B level in MMD patients was significantly lower than that in healthy controls (p<0.001). The relative number of EPCs in MMD patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (p<0.001). Moreover, the OCR, mitochondrial membrane potential and ATPase activity were decreased and the Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species levels were increased in MMD patients (p<0.001). Conclusions: Our results showed obviously decreased serum CoQ10B level and increased EPCs number in patients with MMD compared with healthy patients, and the mitochondria function of EPCs in MMD patients was abnormal.
RESUMO Antecedentes: No momento, a etiologia e a patogênese da doença de Moyamoya (DMM) não são completamente claras. Os pacientes geralmente são diagnosticados após eventos cerebrovasculares. Sendo assim, é de grande importância clínica explorar os fatores preditivos de DMM. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o nível sérico de CoQ10B, a quantidade de células progenitoras endoteliais (CPE) e a função mitocondrial de CPE em pacientes com DMM. Métodos: Quarenta e um pacientes com DMM e 20 controles saudáveis foram recrutados neste estudo. Aqueles com DMM foram divididos em dois grupos: tipo isquêmico (n=23) e tipo hemorrágico (n=18). Amostras de sangue foram coletadas da veia antecubital e analisadas por CoQ10B Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática (ELISA) e citometria de fluxo. As medidas da função mitocondrial de CPE incluem taxa de consumo de oxigênio (TCO), potencial de membrana mitocondrial, concentração de Ca2+, atividade de adenosina trifosfatases (ATPase) e nível de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ROS). Resultados: O nível sérico de CoQ10B em pacientes com DMM foi significativamente menor do que em controles saudáveis (p<0,001). O número relativo de CPE em pacientes com MMD foi significativamente maior do que em controles saudáveis (p<0,001). Além disso, a TCO, o potencial de membrana mitocondrial e a atividade ATPase diminuíram e os níveis de Ca2+e ROS aumentaram em pacientes com MMD (p<0,001). Conclusões: Nossos resultados mostraram obviamente diminuição do nível sérico de CoQ10B e aumento do número de CPE em pacientes com DMM em comparação com pacientes saudáveis, e a função mitocondrial de CPE em pacientes com DMM estava anormal.
ABSTRACT
@# Objective: : To investigate the expressions of chemokine-like factor superfamily 6 (CMTM6) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in glioma tissues and their correlation with clinicopathological features of patients. Methods： ：From January 2012 to December 2015, 86 brain glioma tissues and 30 brain tissues (Control group) from patients operated with decompressive of craniotomy were collected from the FifthAffiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The distribution and expressions of CMTM6 and PD-L1 protein in brain glioma tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and WB methods. The differential expression of CMTM6 and PDL1 between glioma tissues and normal brain tissues was analyzed by t test of two independent samples. Single variant χ2 test was used to analyze the relationship between the expression of CMTM6, PD-L1 and the clinicopathological features of patients. Results: The expression of CMTM6 in glioma tissues was significantly higher than that in control tissues (P<0.01). The expression levels of CMTM6 and PD-L1 in high pathological grade (WHO III-IV) glioma tissues were significantly higher than those in low pathological grade (WHO I-II) glioma tissues (all P<0.01). The expression of CMTM6 was correlated with pathological grade, dizziness history, epilepsy seizure and PD-L1 expression (all P<0.05), while the expression of PD-L1 was correlated with pathological grade, epilepsy seizure and CMTM6 expression (all P<0.05). Conclusion: There is a correlation between the expression of CMTM6 and PD-L1 in glioma tissues, both of which are highly expressed and are expected to be used to study glioma signaling pathways.